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Sound Isolation Booth

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EVALUATION OF THE STATUS OF INDIA-effective use of ICT in Indian PERSPECTIVE

Today we are living in the information age and communication in the information society are rapidly transforming themselves from the knowledge society to information society. Society information or rather the Japanese term "Johoka Shokai" was perceived by the Japanese writer, Yoneji Masuda, "as a society, finally would move to a point where production values of the information became training force for the development of society. "

In India, the importance of communication in equipping people with new information and skills, and mobilizing for their voluntary participation in different development programs and activities has been well recognized and emphasized in the country, ie the policy model of the five-year plans. Communication is the fun, Communication is power, money and communication is the communication of intelligence today. So the growth of a country's cultural moorings, their strength interior and competitiveness largely depends on the power of communication. In recent years the country is on the threshold of a new communication revolution of which satellite TV, VCR are the major manifestations. In this information age of high frequency wireless communication to the digital compression technology, a microwave communication silicon chips, satellite communication, optical fiber, telematics, computer graphics, Internet, World Wide Web, Internet Protocol TV (IPTV) services, interactive television (ITV), digital audio broadcasting (DAB), multimedia and so on, nothing stops him and not look back. Communication scholars from around the world is technically attached to each other and with the limitations of time and distance disappear, has been possible for humanity at large to be integrated into the intellectual, economic, cultural and emotional, through the sharing of a global community of human resources, the transformation of virtually everyone in a "global village".

New communications technology - Different Perspectives and significance

The concept of Marshall McLuhan's global village is becoming increasingly interconnected by communication technologies that will define how we look at the world. The era of Gutenberg, is over. A new digital communications technology it has become. An electronic highway is beginning to girdle the world such as voice, video and data converge consequently resulting in a new basket of digital media and technologies of interactive communication. New technologies such as Global Satellite Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), teletext, videotex, Virtual Private Network (VPN), Wi-Fi, coded division multiple access (CDMA), etc are gaining wide acceptance because of several advantages, such as --

Interactivity
Demassification (Unlike the old economy (which focuses more on production mass and the mass broadcasting to a mass audience), the new economy breaks (demassifies) production. The approach, in terms of production, is now focused on the personalization, segmentation and individualization. This trend leads to the narrowcasting).
Asynchronity (the exchange of facts, figures, and the conversation takes place in real time, without the presence of all participants).
Immediacy
Easy to use

Selective (A narrowcast is the transmission of data to a specific list of recipients. Cable television is an example of model emission in which signals are transmitted everywhere and anyone with an antenna can receive them. The Internet uses both a broadcast and a model from Narrowcast. To transmit to selected individuals. Cable TV and satellite radio are examples of narrowcast services because they reach only the base of subscribers. Mailing lists are another example.)

Information (a TV show with a mixture news and entertainment, as interviews, reviews, and comments).
Ease of updating
The spread of instant messaging
Save time and
Rentable

The marriage of media or, rather, convergence is a reality today and India is fast awakening to the digital era, re-configuration of how individuals and organizations in producing, processing, marketing, collaborating and sharing information. The launch of services paid by Internet radio on Yahoo! And Rediff.com, Edge, third generation (3G) and Bluetooth, Internet on TV, are some of the new technologies that have been used for the benefit of mankind. At the same time, there increasing consumer demand for the delivery of data, telephony services, global roaming, email, video and Internet access in one device. These needs have led to global standards that are more open, making available the vast knowledge base and provide substantial productivity increase, a better quality of life, improvements in education and recreation and intercultural understanding.

COMMUNICATIONS SETTING: Then and Now

Coming to access these new technologies, it is not surprising that one can say with confidence that the middle class India has proceeded at a much faster pace than expected. If you still refuse to consider the communication scenario.

Within a decade, the average citizen has a private telephone, television and personal computer. Besides these, telephone and Internet access is increasingly provided by the telephone booths and cyber cafes located in public places. In 1947, when India gained independence, there were only 84,000 telephone lines, to reach a population of $ 300 million. By 1999, India had an installed network of more than 25 million telephone lines in 300 cities, towns and villages in 4869 310,897, which makes telecommunications network in India on 9 of the world's largest. Another most successful achievement was the introduction of mobile telephony services 1995, along with paging services. In 1998, India had a million cell phone users in the four metropolitan cities, with 45% in Mumbai Delhi followed by 35%, Calcutta and Chennai 12%% 8. Another 500,000 or less existed in the towns and cities. Previously, cell phone use was limited among urban elites, business leaders and business professionals, but at present the rural telephone omni presence in the countryside is also very visible. These services satisfies the strong cultural need for the Indian bread that keep constantly in touch with family members. For a vegetable vendor in a remote village in Karnataka, uses your mobile phone, to supply and take orders for their customers, who live in villages far away. He does not have Pucca house, shop or have any Pucca. What he has is to turn a small shop, a two-wheeled motorcycle and a mobile phone Nokia 1100. Again, Yashwant Singh, a villager in Hoshiarpur in Punjab, owner of several trucks, has bought his cell phone to the truck drivers to keep in constant contact with them. While many farmers in India mobile phones often keeping themselves in touch with the block and district level officials, checking the market information, transportation scheduling, trucks, etc. Many mobile users to access mobile phones to listen to FM radio or MP3 DVD Player, capture and transfer images and video simultaneously using infrared or Bluetooth to other mobile users, the use of multimedia over 3G (third generation), send SMS and MMS PlayGame and various other purposes.

Traditional sectors such as radio and television have undergone functional displacement due to the changing times and needs. DTH (Direct To Home) that has the technology border satellite direct programs to viewers' homes without interference from cable operators, is the future of digital and interactive TV TV.DTH and offers up to a hundred subscription channels. Also the development of radio has made giant strides in recent years. Satellite radio was a major innovation, followed by Podcasting, which is currently riding high on the success of Apple computers iPod. Technically speaking of are essentially based iPod digital (MP3) players, with local storage and Internet access, the latter is required for downloading audio files and other web servers via RSS or XML protocol. Podcasts are like web logs, the fans who create radio programs and commentaries, music and humor, save the MP3 audio format and publish them as sites are web-enabled iPod. He is Digital Audio Broadcasting, which is a combination of a number of services in a frequency band called the basic group, allowing a bit stream multiplex to be created in the services of all shapes and sizes can be transmitted, thus providing perfect sound quality, free from interference able to serve a mobile audience.

In the case of personal computers, an important factor for promoting the spread of personal computers in the India, in late 1990 was the emergence of different funding systems. More and more middle class could buy computers. Until 2000 a typical Pentium II cost of desktop about 50000, which was quite a heavy burden on the middle class. But things changed with the alternative model of a part mounted where the consumer took the computer, choosing the specific configaration a computer, the speed and amount of RAM, modem speed, speakers and monitors, etc., and surprisingly, all this within a very affordable range. Now the situation has changed so much that even brand laptops are available for RS 30000.the enthusiasm for the teams was immediately visible on the Internet. Cyber cafes were quick to take the pulse of the market and in 1995, later became the Internet connection available to individuals and organizations, on a commercial basis, rose to Internet cafes add zeal .. These coffees opportunities unleashed by a individual. This allowed an individual to connect to the network, surfing, playing games, watching video, e-mail, chat, e-shop for Rs10/-15/per hours. Initially focused urban now has spread its wings to rural areas also, by improving themselves in the ICC (Internet Community Centers), providing for net surfing, telephony network, telephone, multimedia, videoconferencing and photocopying services all in one.

More Internet led to an era of e-business, both in e-marketing and trade mail. E-marketing requires the use of the Internet to market products and services, and electronic commerce are business transactions between two parties on the Internet. In India, although these concepts are relatively new, however, many individuals and organizations that are going into this business and are time saving, cost effective and more important of all ensures 100% transparency and improving efficiency. The age old concept of middle class, low rope activities and unethical and unjustified harassment are gradually being overtaken by these e-business. Some of these e-business firms that have establised themselves as a prestigious brand name in the field metal are crossing international limited-service e-Bay, Amazon.com, Aditya Birla, IFB, Dell, etc. Today the Internet is accessed through cable television, phone, mobile phones, palm tops, and DTH, in addition to conventional computers.

The Internet has led to a new era in regard to wealth creation not only through the production, processing, and transportation of goods but also through information networks using new technological knowledge, management practices and remote processing, such as helping customers, transcription medical, data processing and research, etc. Internet has led to several new professions such as website design, e-commerce patrol Internet technical writer, content developer, multimedia specialist, graphic designer, etc. Today's TV work is gradually increasing in India, taking into account the presence of a robust telecommunications infrastructure, favorable policies for global free trade, and the availability of low cost English talent. Several BPO and KPO are gaining great popularity among young university graduates. Businesses, organizations, educational Instituitions are armed with the latest of these technologies as VPN (Virtual Private Network), Wi-Fi, V-SAT and broadband, etc.

(Diagram on last page)

CASE STUDY 1

Andhra Pradesh has applied for four e-government initiatives, adopting the old and new technologies such as --

? CARD Computer-Aided Administration of Registration Department

This allows a person in land registration, land acquisition, determination of market value, transfer tax, etc. than it did in early days and am now in just 15 minutes.

? APSCAN-Andhra Pradesh State Secretariat for network administrators.

? APSWAN-Andhra Pradesh State Networks

Both support networks in the interaction between villagers, government officials, block development officers, prime minister, ministries, and outreach workers via videoconference.

? TWINS-Twin Cities Network Services

This service is provided to the two cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Here, all citizens are provided services such as electricity bill, phone bill, driver's license, holding taxes, insurance demand, all under one roof.

CASE STUDY 2

In a country like India, rural health remains a perennial problem. However, Maharashtra has achieved striking success in the routing information to the villagers not only health conscious but also do anything for them all the benefits of physicians and drugs than their urban counterparts are used to enjoy. Your dose of e-medicine for rural people throughout the state. Doctors and experts together treats patients within satellite distance Maharashtra. Civil authorities ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) and state officials have joined hands to make your project success. Here patients in rural areas for easy access to modern facilities without to travel long distances and spending lots of money. Thus, patients and doctors in remote areas remain in constant contact through the telecommunications network.

CASE STUDY 3

Recent records show that more government 25% (59 million school-age children) are not yet enrolled in school. Despite these poor figures on education, India has the human resources highly competent, as well as a strong base in ICT, which if used to its maximum capacity in the future, India will be among the highest in Asian countries. the bridges of the future initiative of India (BFI) is to improve basic skills, literacy and entry into the professional skills outside of school youth and young adults in poor communities in several states of India. to achieve these objectives, the BFI uses innovative and cost-effective ICT tools and methodologies to improve the quality of teaching, learning in basic education and vocational training and to assist community members in obtaining resources information that can improve their daily lives. At the official level, the BFI is located under the aegis of MHRD and state education agencies (initially Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, where formal Memorandum of Understanding was signed in May 2001.).

Computerization PROCESS OF INDIA

Computerization process initiated in India in 1990, accompanied by liberalization, globalization and the privatization policy, open borders for several multinationals such as McDonalds, Reebok, Pepsi, Coca Cola, etc. And also encouraged people to decide to create their own private organization. The NEP (New Economic Policy) by Manmohan Singh reflects the enthusiasm of the Indies to follow a path of computerization. Before this Rajiv Gandhi government instituted policies favorable to the electronics, computing and telecommunications and emphasized the application of information technology in the computerization of the Indian reserve system of railways, banks and land records. During his tenure, the Center for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), Development Center for the Advancement of Computing (C-DAC)) and provided the NIC (National Informatics Center). Texas Instruments also invited, GE, Hewlett Packard and causing increased Technopolis Bangalore. In addition to the establisment of a National Working Group in 1998 in Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the regime under the co-chair AP then Chief Minister Chandra Babu Naidu was a milestone on the road from India to computerization. Its action plan made 108 recommendations on how to use the technologies for socio-economic development, recommended the privatization of internal services, suspension of license fees for private Internet, providers service that enables cable operators and never ISD / STD booth operators to use their infrastructure to improve access to the Internet and zero tariffs on all products in 2002 ad. It further recommended that the software and be treated as a priority sector by banks for five years and that students, teachers and schools to offer computers at reduced prices. The working group wanted each stand / ISD STD in the country to become an information kiosk Internet access and related services such as email. More over, in 1999, introduced a bill in the Parliament of IT to facilitate electronic commerce and e-business activities and created a fund of 25 million venture capital for start-ups boost computer.

Not surprisingly, some of the famous and wealthy Indian IT Aziz Premzi (Wipro), NR Narayanmurthy (Infosys), Vinod Khosla (co-founder of Sun Microsystems), Sabeer Bhatia (co-founder of e-hot) and Sam Pitroda, who led the communications revolution in the country greatly.

In the above situation can be summarized computerization effort of India --

? India has enormous potential to compete with the best from Japan, Germany, USA and the UK. The world of the rich resources, huge talent and billions of people should be exploited by the government of India and thus facilitate innovation, entrepreneurship and creativity, instead of oppressed or the creation of barriers, such as red tapism, bureaucratic hurdles in the approval and licensing. The enthusiasm and zeal of India should motivate young entrepreneurs to come forward and be an active member in the participatory process for socio-economic development in the country. The computerization strategy through which an emerging information society of the centers of new communication technologies, in technical research universities intellectual capital and training the research and development takes place, and on government policies. This is India about to become a world power.

• The infrastructure, economic policy and various other policy and strategies must be designed to facilitate communication revolution in India. For example, the CPO's, CPI, cyber-cafes that have emerged have not only provide employment to youth, but also enabled people to help themselves and others with knowledge and information.

Personalities of India? Should also play a model for the next generation. The role of conventional media such as radio and TV should be imitated and most importantly popular media should be merged with it to create a much wider acceptance. The DD should be more innovative and the government must ensure the cable TV or DTH participation towards a more socially responsible and not just the division of money.

With the development of technologies in recent decades, the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in improving economic efficiency and allow social development. Governments, private sector and civil society both in mind that, "there are vast of people excluded from the benefits of these technologies, particularly those who lack the infrastructure, skills, literacy and knowledge of the Internet's dominant language-English. They also recognize the opportunities ICT to make a difference not only to overcome existing obstacles to social and economic development of these groups, but also to transform the very systems that create these inequalities in the first place. ICT should be implemented to build an information society throughout the world where women are particularly disadvantaged, the poor and rural - can participate fully as citizens and reap the benefits of information revolution.

According to Robert Schware, specialist computer lead the global ICT Dep't, World Bank, said India "will take up more than 200 pilot projects in the field of electronic governance, of which only 100 are worth taking up the full scale and can be replicated in other parts of the country. In their responses, on the global stage in e-government said, "it is estimated that approximately 85% of e-government projects in developing countries are a total failure, approximately 50% are partial failures only 15% can be fully seen as a success. "Though he said the main factors for failures include the inability to provide public services that provide benefits for citizens or businesses, the lack of clarity on the business perspective, projects are performed in isolation, the department instead of through unique cooperation agency coordination and lack of political will and leadership and lack of skills in project management, among some.

There are many countries that have achieved a reasonable degree of success in its e-government initiatives. For consultants in accordance with Cap Gemini Ernst & Young, example, in 2003, Denmark has achieved 72% of government services online with a score of 87% in the degree of sophistication. Other countries with high rate Special e-government services include the UK, Spain, Greece, Finland, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Romania and Mexico. According to Sudhir Narang, Vice President, government and service provider companies, Cisco Systems India & SAARC, "Almost every state has a policy in place with the objective of evolution itself be a consciousness that allowed a Govt. State Govt are quick to recognize the benefits of an empowered work environment. "Shivaji Chatterjee, senior director of sales and marketing, Hughes Escorts Communications, says "has a vital role to play in all transactions Govt pledges. Help Govt cuts red tapism, avoid corruption, and reach citizens directly. "Adds Rajiv Kaul, MD Microsoft, India -" an infrastructure strong technology can help state and central Govts offer a full suite of services to citizens. "The project of Karnataka Govts 'Bhoomi' has led to the computerization of the countries ancient system of hand written land records in rural areas. Through it, the income Dep't. corruption has ended mounted system involving bribes at every step. ITC e-Choupal unique web based initiative offers farmers the information, products and services they need to improve productivity, improve farm-gate price realization and cut transaction costs. Farmers can access latest local and global information on weather, scientific farming practices and market prices in the village through this web portal to all in Hindi. National E-governance plan (2003-2007), reflects the strategic intent of the Central Government. in proper perspective. In the future state of wide-area network (SWAN), and Centers Information Community (CIC), the projects must be presented to the public, backed by a strong public private participation model (PPP) to achieve long-term sustainability. Already the United Nations Program for Development (UNDP) and the National Institute of Smart Government (Nisga'a) has received from India S. First Summit Asia Public Sector ICT. The theme of the summit was "new models of e-Gov. In S. Asia and the world" and addressed to Govt high and policymakers Asian countries, including S-India.

Again, if the example of Mizoram, then you can see that since its inception in 1989, continuing and tireless efforts NIC Mizoram have led to the diffusion of ICT culture in the state. NIC, along with the government of Mizoram has taken many initiatives to facilitate and promote e-government in various sectors such as transport, land registration, public health engineering, accounting and treasury, etc --

For example, in transport communication 'Sarathi' and 'Vahan' provide a complete solution for the transportation district office (DTO), including the computerization of registration, licenses, permits and enforcement, and collection of taxes, etc. of a vehicle statistical information system has been developed to aid in the collection various annual reports required by the transport authority of the state of Mizoram.

26 CIC (Community Information Center) have been established since 2000, which are equipped with computers, VSAT, TV, web cameras, printers, UPS etc.. Two qualified operators manage these CIC, which provide the following services to people in isolated and remote areas of the state. Emailing, web browsing and document priority, providing IT training to residents, students, etc., providing G2C (government to consumer), such as support services to the study on BPL, elections to village councils, publications tenders, notices, etc.

PROBLEMS road to computerization

Despite the above discussion, it would seem that India has managed to become an information society and can be considered for future knowledge society, without But wait before reaching any conclusions. Consider the following:

? Although India occupies the 18th in the world in terms of using television, radio, Internet and entertainment industry with the size of Rs 14,400 million rupees in 2000, expected an increase of Rs 80,000 million rupees in 2009, even amid the expected rate of rapid media development, rural India is only marginally affected. Without effective communication that no society can be qualified as to adopt the dynamic models of development communication. Rural India faces a lot of trouble. They are: --

1. Wide miscommunication

2. Traditional values and attitudes

3. Large and diverse population

4. Low socioeconomic status

5. High cost of mass media

6. Illiteracy

7. Stereotypes and prejudices

8. Low motivation

9. Defective opinion leadership

10. Persuasion difficult

11. Difficult Feedback

12. Acute social deformity

In a society where until recently the mother hardly spoke, the woman has spent his life almost without seeing her husband, adorable children are produced without the interaction of parents in appearance, it is very difficult to consider the meaning of communication and therefore a society calls for interaction mutual diffusion of literacy, physical interaction, transmission institutional, political participation and cultural coexistence.

? Indian media is mostly urban centric. Any development that have taken place in recent years led to a split between urban areas. The challenge is reaching the unreached and including the excluded in their efforts to create an information society for all. . From the consultation at the grassroots level is essential. Top-down projects generally do not work. These newly to provide information that people really need or use an incomprehensible level of technical details and terminology.

• The effective use of ICT is still unknown to many. The lack of policy support and political will is also due to the lack of awareness of the economic, political and social aspects of ICT can bring. The level awareness among professionals and decision makers in the region on the role of ICT in development is generally low.

• The connectivity and access at an affordable price in the region, particularly in rural and remote areas remains a problem. Literacy computer is low and the common model based on the individual access to a computer in most cases it is not feasible due to the high computer costs and lack of energy resources. Low cost devices such as handheld computers can help mitigate this problem, but are not available or are of no use value in many rural or marginalized. The same occurs with other communication technologies useful as the low cost of FM radio stations, but here the challenge is often a lack of political will to open the broadcasting sector for communities to own and operate community radio / TV. Even the radio and television sets provided by the government remained unused due to reasons such as intermittent power supply, lack of repair or inadequate infrastructure.

? Internet has been popular among people who are well versed in English. The lack of appropriate local content and diversity of the Internet and the local language, issues and local needs has raised the greatest challenge. Development of local content in many languages, has been inadequate due to lack of language processing capacity. Tools for capturing analog content into digital format for many indigenous languages not yet available and this has delayed the digitization of existing analog content in text mode and the development of indigenous knowledge locked pages. Failure to develop local content is also a challenge for many electronic media and particularly for cultural and educational programs appropriate to local audiences.

• The lack of software, lack of local instructors can imparting knowledge of various ICT-related, content development and media operations a challenge that makes it difficult to expand the information society beyond the wealthy citizens of the region. Moreover, most software are developed by people who have no knowledge of the rural people are born and raised and fed on the content of Zee, Sony, Star Plus, etc. abound difficulties. in eg the agent involved in the computerization of land records in a state of India said recently that more than half of them are legally challenged, or in the names of the dead, or illegible, etc. But computerization of land records is on the agenda of almost all Indian states.

? Most traditional systems have not been fully exploited. The lack of capacity for innovation and creativity is a factor important. In general, all programs are made with the bureaucratic mentality, so if the programs are educational, they are boring because they can not maintain interest viewers for a long time and if you are entertaining that are educative. As a result, lack the personal touch and therefore lack credibility. More So with the failure of public service broadcasting, the meaning has been lost somewhere in the bureaucratic tangle. The information people initially say they need, may not always be what you end up using. in the proposed MS Swaminathan Pondicherry, for example, male farmers originally said they needed information on agriculture. In fact, the most important use of information from the people. Kiosks was to get information about government programs.

? India experienced a high degree of change in terms of marketing and media. Proper use and meaning of information has been distorted to make room for western media imperialism and thus the digital divide. The information gap is real and already lying between north-south, rich and poor, young, old, literate-illiterate, rural-urban, men and women.

? It should not be simply identified with computers and the Internet. Some of the inventive uses of IT involvement radio TV and integrated chips, satellite inventories can be useful so classic example is the use of automated butterfat assessment teams in Gujarat, which has radically simplified the process of automation of milk and diary farmers pay.

? The lack of change in business processes in many well-intentioned projects and duplication of manual process in the half environment was seen as major reasons for the users / citizens do not associate any value to the project and looked at the e-Government as An addendum unwanted obstacles to be crossed before doing the work. For example, Depts. Maintaining land records in rural areas especially the details relating to land ownership, cropping patterns, etc. were computerized, but there is no legal sanctity is given to the output generated by these systems in the absence of a change in the state.

? Speaking more that action-much has been said. Seminars, conferences and workshops at national, international, local level there has been much. Several five-year plans are planned. However, some actions have taken place in reality so far.

? Sustainability financial, the objective of financial sustainability is rarely achieved. award that the initial costs must be borne by someone, very few projects, even plan long-term sustainability and even less so.

• A successful commercial ICT sector does not necessarily trickle down to ordinary Indians. Proposals by state governments to develop by masses, often a primary emphasis on the development of software technology parks, improvement of education at higher levels of information technology etc. through these goals are commendable, however, there is little evidence as to the higher growth rate of the software industry in relation to living conditions better, more schools and colleges, improved health care, eradication of poverty, more jobs, or anything else.

? Apparently technical decisions relating to regulation, bandwidth allocation, the pricing mechanism, transmission standards, etc., can have profound effects on whether the Indian information technology common benefit. One case is the requirement that Internet service providers to guarantee that covers an entire state. This effectively precluded local entrepreneurs to provide Internet connectivity in small towns and medium, unlike local initiatives that have helped to spread rapidly by satellite television in rural India. Analysis of the impact of technology decisions in it for the common man is largely absent.

? Wiring of India, until the last-mile cost of basic software device and the local language was demolished, the goal of wiring India will remain unfinished. Despite the low cost technology solution alone can not solve the problem but are required for India.

? Credibility, can not believe what they are told. One of the projects are made known to turn in a site visit That have closed, or not yet operational, or having detoriated of its original goals.

Promises of ICT

One of the most promising applications of ICT. In practice, these activities are distinguishable --

E-government - is the computerization of the functions of government itself, as explained especially in Andhra Pradesh. This suggests that connects the seat of state government to district officials, computerized registration, court proceedings, land records, government offices etc, for the benefit of State administrators. Also e-government can also mean the government to the people and people with government connections that citizens have access Direct records, rules and rights information they need or want in their daily lives.

E-commerce - B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C platforms can be fully used for the benefit of customers and also to business organizations, for efficient operation and smooth, free and fair trade practices.

Commercial Financing - Business Financing ICT networks have considerable promise. For example, the Warana project, though largely funded initially by the state of Maharashtra and Delhi, is managed by co-operative sugar cane in the area and provides tangible benefits to sugar growers and producers. The draft EID Parry in Tamil Nadu expected benefits Nelikuppan in terms of better information to producers on best agricultural practices. ITC-IBD has created a large IT Chaupals No soybeans, shrimp and coffee producers in order to reduce production costs which currently goes to the middlemen. This has enabled the economic capacity of proliferation at the base of the rural economy, providing farmers with farming know-how and services, timely and relevant weather information, the discovery the price of transportation and access to larger markets. Many people in developing countries lack access to basic financial services such as savings, credit, insurance and money transfers. Most transactions in these economies are cash and very small quantities. Support services to the unique needs of these types Financial transactions can be very useful. A case in point is the M-PESA, one of the most popular services for developing countries, offered by Safaricom, which is the company Kenya's telecommunications leader. Currently only 10% of Kenyans have formal bank accounts and M-PESA allows people without bank accounts to complete simple transactions financial institutions, primarily from person to person money transfer. Since introducing the service in March 2007, three million users have registered, and the service has been growing in popularity.

While the needs and desires of the urban rich are familiar with the developed world, the needs unique communities closer to the bottom of the pyramid to suggest new and exciting opportunities in services.

In the laboratory IBM India Research, the researchers are trying to develop a mobile software platform, called the "network spoken 'to the delivery above types of services to communities in developing countries. Site spoken is a voice network of sites, which exists and operates in the telephone network in place the Internet. Access to the site of speech does not require expensive equipment, an Internet connection or the ability to read and write. VoiceSites people can browse and cross-talking with them a VoiceSites other voilinks through, and even conduct transactions simply by speaking. What is more a phone number can act as a URL in the traditional network, and one does not need a high range of mobile devices to access the Web spoken, a friction disc your age can do the job. Interaction with customers and the dissemination of government information of all that may be possible in the mobile web.

INDIAN KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY

Although there are huge disparities in route to the computerization, the focus of India in the sector growth ICT has paid dividends in terms of export earnings, employment generation and its image as an emerging economy. Large corporations are becoming in the competition by implementing enterprise-scale solutions to interpret data and make panning and decision making based on data. Many have begun feel that the next century be the century of knowledge. The ability of a nation to turn knowledge into wealth and social good through the process of innovation will determine their future. The knowledge economy will dominate the next century.

To meet the twin objectives of growth with equity, knowledge can not be the prerogative of a few, everyone in society should have access to knowledge and become workers knowledge. Nations that do not create knowledge societies not fade into oblivion. But those who create knowledge societies that have the potential to lead the world. Now, before embarking on a knowledge society, one must first know what a knowledge society? The creation of a knowledge society must revolve around the creation, distribution and use of knowledge and information to create wealth and improve quality of life. Knowledge can be defined as knowledge acquired through research and experience, and includes the

Know what (knowledge about the fact)
Know Why (scientific knowledge of the principles and laws of nature),
Know How (skills or ability to do something) and the
Know Who (information about who knows what and how to do what).

If Indian society must become a knowledge society, then it is important that all Indians are becomes a knowledge worker. We must recognize the concept of knowledge worker in the broadest sense possible. It is not only scientists and technologists, to be knowledge workers. Even a farmer can be a knowledge worker, provided you understand the land that is sowing the seeds in and how lives in a village of information, which has the advantage of short and medium range weather forecast to plan their farming activities and so on.

PRIORITY OF A KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY

A knowledge society is characterized by new knowledge structures, methods of dissemination and technology that enables and maintains unrestricted access to knowledge control over it. Since all human activity and creates knowledge applications, today's societies are also in this sense, knowledge societies. The activity human use and create knowledge and each society must be identified and characterized by its knowledge base (Lokavidya).

The transformation of the Society has to be through large-scale development in education, health care, agriculture and governance. These in turn, to employment generation, high productivity and rural prosperity. These models seek to provide opportunities for rural economic development and prosperity. Youth in the village could easily be trained to meet the demand for IT services. This will also make the site available and workmanship at very cheap prices compared to urban locations. This will also help stop the movement of families to the urban locations. More than the model should try to improve the quality of life in places rural. Knowledge of electrical rural development is an essential need for transforming India into a knowledge power and high bandwidth rural connectivity the minimum requirement to bring education, health, and economic dynamism in rural areas. Knowledge society leading to knowledge superpower can prosper and survive only in the environment of economic security and national security. Nation has to work for the transformation in India developed. For example, if people find they can book train tickets through the website of a reliable and safe way, then nobody will take the trouble to travel by motorbike or bicycle.

CASE STUDY 4

The knowledge system for sustainable food security in the villages of Pondicherry is the empowerment of rural women, men and children with information on organic agriculture, economic access and use as their goal. A system of knowledge is being managed by local youth at the center of the Knowledge Village where the information system is computer-assisted surgery. Farmers that are becoming knowledge workers are also being trained to maintain a "soil health card" to monitor the impact agricultural systems in the physical, chemical and microbiological soil fertility.

Enlightened citizens with knowledge be able to see the crucial link between the 5 E's ie, environment, ecology, economics, equity and ethics. There will then be guided disinformation fed by vested interest groups. But they will use their knowledge to decide on their own what is wrong and what is right. They will stop projects that lead to economic development, but it will stop those that lead to destruction.

Case Study 5

ICT policy in Malaysia

Malaysia is a middle income country can to move from the agrarian society in one generation (for 60 to 80). ICT has played a dual role in the development of Malaysia, one in the commodity sector and the other as a strategic factor. Malaysia took two important initiatives to address both the issues of economic competitiveness and social equity, as the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC), orientation economic development and the National Program for Information Technology (NITA) focusing on social development. In 1996, National Information Technology Council (NITC was formed in 1994) came up with the national IT agenda with a focus on people development. Ita was implemented with five E-trust model. Son e-economy, e-public services, e-community e-learning and e-sovereignty.

Access to knowledge may affect the effectiveness when individuals feel enriched (with new ideas, solutions to problems) and are able to search for information on when and where needed. Thus, management initiatives knowledge should complement traditional networking through face to face contact. The rural population lacks the skills required to filter through of the vast information available on the Internet and identify the most relevant to them. The role of intermediaries in the interpretation of the information needs rural communities, collecting information from public sources and dissemination of information in the local text and the language is very important, as demonstrated in the pilots in Kothamale and Pondicherry.

STEPS NEEDED FOR FULL TESTING THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY

• Creating IT mind set in India --

The information and technology advance so quickly that it was not possible for the public to keep a tab on events. There is a need realization that between people and their use. For many people, for example, if you know what the Internet is, just insert their applications, whereas minimum has long range and the use of depth and impact.

? Promoting development of an enabling policy environment --

To become a knowledge society, India needs to develop a comprehensive national policy to promote an enabling environment for a knowledge society for all. In the process of policy development, special efforts must be taken to address equitable access, human resources, and application development. Also the links between the knowledge society and the media and in particular public service broadcasting as a channel for educational content and cultural needs to be addressed as part of the policymaking process and the media law revisions. In the formulation of policy in India should promote transparent dialogue with all members, including civil society, communities and private and public sector bodies.

? Promote equitable access --

India should promote shared access through multimedia centers and assessing the behavior of the current access patterns. India should support innovation in accessing low-cost community oriented especially to marginalized groups. With the ability to use ICT, librarians and archivists have great potential as knowledge workers. Many libraries and archives in the region do not provide a online access to their readers. Library if properly equipped with ICT, can become for many people with an effective gateway to the information society.

? Increased capacity for knowledge management --

The process of knowledge management both the content and availability is an essential part of modernization. Human resource development in information management to knowledge worker must have a central place in India's communication and information program. To support capacity building, particularly in the area of resource development human, India should facilitate the training of local trainers in the areas of ICT at various levels. India should also promote training programs specialized for disadvantaged groups to reap the benefits of ICT in particular ICT-enabled learning and entrepreneurial opportunities.

? Development of an appropriate content

India to promote the development of appropriate content, must be based on creating dynamic partnerships with extension services (education, agriculture, health), government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, media organizations, and professional organistions. Should be directed to the ethics and relevance of local people and their problems and needs. Universal access can not be achieved without the promotion multilingualism in cyberspace. India also must encourage and support efforts by public colleges and universities to identify and promote technologies and tools capable of digitizing local content.

• The development of Public Service Broadcasting

India must continue to harness the potential educational and cultural role of Public Service Broadcasting and the need for service broadcasting repositioned to the public for this role. The challenge of transforming public service broadcasting as a democratic platform and tool allows for the masses to migrate in a knowledge society possible is still relevant. This is more with the ability to use broadcasting as a technology for dissemination of distance education in remote rural areas with the possibility of simultaneous data quality distance learning modules. Repositioning Broadcasting Public Service to act as an interface to bring the benefits of ICT for the greatest number of people is a challenge. India, in collaboration with partners should strive to incorporate the exchange of high quality educational content through the systems of public service broadcasting. There is also the need to ensure greater gender balance and support for training facilities for women.

? Promotion of community radio

The central principle of public interest in broadcasting is the universal access. This principle of access should allow people to participate actively in their community and society. It also includes increased access to productive assets and participate in broadcasting. Community owned and operated radio networks can the radio a truly participatory communication tool. Community radio

Promotes community involvement
Increases efficiency of decentralization, increased transparency and accountability at local level. and
Involves people in the design, implementation and evaluation of local development programs.

Community radio also has the potential to act as an interface between communities and the Internet. The conversion of community radio in media centers with access to information networks should be the main thrust of India's approach to promote community radio.

? Regional Flagships

India must establish flagship programs in the region.

ICT for reaching the unreached "should focus on developing sustainable models of operation for marginalized groups to access and use resources knowledge for development.
Support the development of national information and communication policies. In case of developing an information resource kit and formulating a communication policy that leads to knowledge society. This will include general guidelines on the process of policy development the participation of civil society and
Human resource development should include the development of self-learning interactive training courses to increase the skills of local coaches as well as increase access to knowledge resources through a portal.

Study of case 6

E-SEVA Project of Andhra Pradesh --

Since just 4800 transactions per month, in August 2001 to a whooping 7.5 LAKH transactions per month, on February 03, e-Seva, Andhra Pradesh, G2C (Government to Citizens) utilities service project to come of age, offering nearly 43 services ranging from payment of utility bills to the issuing of licenses, permits, licenses, reserve buses to B2C services.

Case study 7

The SAUKARYAM project

Saukaryam in Vishakapatnam is one of the few projects using the network to connect effectively citizens to the civil administration in real time. People can pay their bills online, check the status of the building and water supply schemes, receive information on births and deaths, garbage clearance issue, including notices of exploration. The idea behind the project is the monitoring of each service offered by the online business, from public works to the fiscal consolidation of the city. It also provides a forum for people.

CONCLUSION

Although India can boast of a computerized process that is doing well, however, would blunderous their part to achieve success easily smugged partially achieved. The problems are emerging seemingly miniscule, are just the tip of a iceberg, which urgently requires timely intervention before assuming gigantic proportions. Instead of resting on its laurels, the government should take note of the gaps on the machine itself, which seriously affects the vision of this project.

REFERENCES

1. "Within a decade .... family members' communication revolution in India-from bullock carts to cyber marts M Everett Rogers and Arvind Singhal, Sage Publications.

2. "In the case of personal computers .... wide affordable." Communication revolution in India-from bullock carts to cyber marts M Everett Rogers and Arvind Singhal, Sage Publications.

1 .. Case Study 1 ,---- communication revolution in India-from bullock carts to cyber marts-M Everett Rogers and Arvind Singhal, Sage Publications.

2. Communication revolution J-Kewal Kumar.

3. Www.bsnl.in

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The MAX-Wall's perfect if you're renting a space and don't want to-or aren't allowed to - mount anything to your walls, or if your place needs to serve a variety of acoustical purposes. MAX-Wall offers you great flexibility in a big hurry
The MAX-Wall is very absorptive, even at low frequencies. It offers great broadband absorption and is incredibly linear, with an overall NRC of 1.05!
The MAX-Wall's proprietary, patent-pending design offers excellent broadband control of sound waves throughout your room AND in the near field, so now you can play, record or mix great music or vocal tracks ANYWHERE at ANY TIME!
The MAX-Wall is very absorptive, even at low frequencies. It offers great broadband absorption and is incredibly linear
The MAX-Walls proprietary, patent-pending design offers excellent broadband control of sound waves throughout your room
It offers great broadband absorption and is incredibly linear, with an overall NRC of 1.05
Offers excellent broadband control of sound waves throughout your room
MAX-Wall offers you great flexibility in a big hurry

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